Chronotropic Response to Exercise Testing and the Risk of Stroke

Although the chronotropic response to exercise testing, defined as an inadequate heart rate incremental volitional fatigue, is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, it remains unclear whether this related future risk of cerebrovascular events. We tested hypothesis that increased stroke in a general population. This prospective study was based on population sample 2,036 men aged 42 60 years Kuopio Ischemic Heart Disease cohort study. Chronotropic percentage index ([maximum ? resting rate] / [220 age × 100). Incident strokes were obtained from Finnish national hospital discharge registry. During median 27-year follow-up, 343 incident (289 ischemic and 66 hemorrhagic) events occurred. Twelve diagnosed both hemorrhagic stroke. Comparing bottom versus top quintile reserve, there (hazard ratio [HR] 1.73, 95% confidence Interval [CI]: 1.09 2.75) (HR 1.72, CI, 1.04 2.85), but not 2.23, 0.77 6.46) analyses adjusted for potential factors. These results suggest impaired independently higher total middle-aged men. The role incompetence during testing prognostic indicator needs further investigation.